Вміст важких металів у сніговому покриві дорожнього ландшафту автомагістралі Київ – Одеса
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Дідура, Р. В.
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Вінниця : ВДПУ
Abstract
Розглянуто проблему забруднення важкими металами снігового покриву дорожнього ландшафту автомагістралі Київ – Одеса. Проведено геохімічні дослідження на трьох натурних ділянках, які безпосередньо примикають до автомагістралі – околиці сіл Нестерівка, Піківець та м. Умань (міст лист конюшини). Зразки снігу відібрано на відстані 5 м, 10м. та 15м від дороги, на глибині 0-10 см. Результати дослідження показали, що у воді (талий сніг) наявні такі хімічні елементи: Cu, Zn, Cd та Fe. Вміст Cd перевищує норму ГДК у кілька разів на всіх натурних ділянках; вміст Fe перевищив ГДК на деяких натурних ділянках, однак найбільша його кількість спостерігалась у с. Нестерівка на відстані 5 м від дороги та становила 3,95 мг/л., що є підставою включення цієї ділянки до аномальних зон. Виявлено чітку закономірність до розсіювання Fe у залежності від відстані до джерела забруднення. Показники міді та цинку відповідали нормам встановленим ГДК. Дослідження на вміст важких металів у сніговому покриві в дорожньому ландшафті автомагістралі Київ – Одеса до тепер не проводили, однак вони є актуальними.
The highway Kyiv-Odessa reaches 453.3 km. and it passes in the meridional direction from the north to the south of Ukraine. Highway crosses the five administrative regions of Ukraine, Kyiv, Cherkasy, Kirovohrad, Mykolaiv and Odessa. The problem of pollution of snow covering of a road landscape of Kyiv – Odessa highway with heavy metals was under analysis. Geochemical researches on three natural areas directly closed to the highway – outskirts of Nesterivka and Pikivets villages and Uman city (bridge - clover leaf) were done. Snow samples at a distance of 5 m, 10 m and 15 m from the highway at a depth of 0-10 cm were taken. The results of the research showed that the water (melted snow) contained the following chemical elements: Cu, Zn, Cd and Fe. Cd content exceeded the level of maximum allowable coefficient (MAC) several times in all natural areas. The highest rates are in places Cd solution at a distance of 5 m and 15 m from the road. One of the largest concentrations of cadmium is at the junction Kyiv – Odesa, where the international road Stryi – Ternopil – Kropivnytsky – Znamyanka with the M – 05 highway crosses intersects - and the load with vehicles is double. Fe content exceeded the level of MAC in some natural areas, but its largest amount was observed in Nesterivka village in the 5 meters distance from the highway and it was 3.95 mg/l that is the grounds to include this area to the anomalous zones. The movement of cars in this direction is not only expensive M – 05 but also in the congress to the village where this interchange is located. Clear regularity of Fe scattering depending on the distance to the source of pollution was found. Indexes of copper and zinc met the standards established for MAC. Comparing the research Cu of water with the preliminary results for 2016, these indicators have changed. In 2016, copper varied from 0.05-0.01 mg/l. Comparison of the results shows that the accumulation of Cu in water was about 0.09 mg/l. over the past year. Zn has changed its index several times since the previous study. In 2016, the zinc indicator near the village Nesterivka at a distance of 5 m from the road was 0.05 mg / l. In 2017, in this area the indicator increased to 0.55 mg / l. Research on heavy metals in snow cover in the road landscape highway Kyiv - Odesa has not yet been carried out, but they are important.
The highway Kyiv-Odessa reaches 453.3 km. and it passes in the meridional direction from the north to the south of Ukraine. Highway crosses the five administrative regions of Ukraine, Kyiv, Cherkasy, Kirovohrad, Mykolaiv and Odessa. The problem of pollution of snow covering of a road landscape of Kyiv – Odessa highway with heavy metals was under analysis. Geochemical researches on three natural areas directly closed to the highway – outskirts of Nesterivka and Pikivets villages and Uman city (bridge - clover leaf) were done. Snow samples at a distance of 5 m, 10 m and 15 m from the highway at a depth of 0-10 cm were taken. The results of the research showed that the water (melted snow) contained the following chemical elements: Cu, Zn, Cd and Fe. Cd content exceeded the level of maximum allowable coefficient (MAC) several times in all natural areas. The highest rates are in places Cd solution at a distance of 5 m and 15 m from the road. One of the largest concentrations of cadmium is at the junction Kyiv – Odesa, where the international road Stryi – Ternopil – Kropivnytsky – Znamyanka with the M – 05 highway crosses intersects - and the load with vehicles is double. Fe content exceeded the level of MAC in some natural areas, but its largest amount was observed in Nesterivka village in the 5 meters distance from the highway and it was 3.95 mg/l that is the grounds to include this area to the anomalous zones. The movement of cars in this direction is not only expensive M – 05 but also in the congress to the village where this interchange is located. Clear regularity of Fe scattering depending on the distance to the source of pollution was found. Indexes of copper and zinc met the standards established for MAC. Comparing the research Cu of water with the preliminary results for 2016, these indicators have changed. In 2016, copper varied from 0.05-0.01 mg/l. Comparison of the results shows that the accumulation of Cu in water was about 0.09 mg/l. over the past year. Zn has changed its index several times since the previous study. In 2016, the zinc indicator near the village Nesterivka at a distance of 5 m from the road was 0.05 mg / l. In 2017, in this area the indicator increased to 0.55 mg / l. Research on heavy metals in snow cover in the road landscape highway Kyiv - Odesa has not yet been carried out, but they are important.
Description
Дослідження антропогенних ландшафтів
Citation
Дідура Р. В. Вміст важких металів у сніговому покриві дорожнього ландшафту автомагістралі Київ – Одеса. Наукові записки Вінницького державного педагогічного університету імені Михайла Коцюбинського. Серія: Географія. Вінниця, 2017. Вип. 29, №3-4. С. 69-74