Методологічні підходи у формуванні естетичного сприймання молодших школярів засобами мистецтва

Abstract

Статтю присвячено актуальним проблемам естетичного виховання молодших школярів, розкрито й обґрунтовано методологічні підходи у формуванні естетичного сприймання в дітей молодшого шкільного віку, впровадження їх в освітній процес сучасної школи. З метою максимального використання творчого потенціалу учнів здійснено підбір й апробацію комплексу методів активізації естетичного сприймання в дітей молодшого шкільного віку. Застосовано комплекс мистецтв у контексті формування творчої, високодуховної особистості дитини, культури естетичного сприймання молодших школярів та оволодіння цілісною системою знань про мистецтво на уроках мистецького циклу та в позакласних формах виховної роботи.One of the important tasks of the modern humanist-oriented upbringing of the younger generation is the creation of conditions for the gradual transition of the student from the reproductive to the creative level of development, which takes place through communication and activities, the direct inclusion of students in the system of artistic and aesthetic relations, the sphere of perception of various types of art, the acquisition of artistic- aesthetic knowledge and experience, own creative activity. In the conditions of the new Ukrainian school the task of full-fledged development of the person, which involves the comprehensive identification of its potential, abilities, talents, increase of cognitive activity and positive motivation of education, arises. In the article the actual problems of aesthetic education of the personality of the junior pupil are highlighted, methodological approaches to the formation of aesthetic perception in children of junior school age and their introduction in the educational process of the modern school, the maximum use of creative potential of students are substantiated. To achieve the goal, the selection, development and testing of thecomplex of activation methods, the study of the development of aesthetic perception in children of junior school age, the pedagogical potential of using the complex of arts in the context of the formation of a child's creative, high-spiritual personality, aesthetic perception culture of junior pupils and the acquisition of a coherent knowledge system about art was carried out. in extracurricular forms of educational work. The purpose of the paper is to determine the main methodological approaches to the formation of aesthetic perception of younger students by means of art, the disclosure of their essence in modern conditions, to prove their necessity and expediency in the educational process of elementary school. Accordingly, the goals are defined by the following tasks: to consider the use of the potential of methodological approaches to the organization of the process of aesthetic education in elementary school; to define forms and methods of activization of aesthetic perception of children of elementary school age, which are connected with artistic activity.