Мікроосередкові процеси у реконструкції та охороні дорожніх ландшафтів
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Вальчук-Оркуша, О. М.
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Вінниця : ВДПУ
Abstract
У статті розглянуто проблему впливу дорожніх мікроосередків у межах яких розвиваються несприятливі процеси, структуру сучасних дорожніх ландшафтів та необхідність їх оптимізації. Зазначено, що дорожні мікроосередкові процеси часто є індикаторами подальшого розвитку або занепаду дорожніх ландшафтів і потребують детальних досліджень. Дослідження дорожніх мікроосередків та несприятливих процесів, що в них розвиваються, проведено в дорожніх ландшафтах автомагістралі Вінниця-Умань, де опрацьовано шість натурних ділянок, одна з яких – «Вороновиця» детальніше представлена у статті. Виокремлено кілька типів дорожніх мікроосередків, серед яких геолого-геоморфологічні, гідрологічні, геохімічні, кліматичні, геоботанічні та інші; наведена характеристика зсувного дорожнього мікроосередку натурної ділянки «Вороновиця», частково розглянуті специфічні ознаки формування мікроосередків у придорожніх захисних насадженнях. Зазначено, що наявні дорожні мікроосередки та негативні процеси, що в них розвиваються необхідно враховувати в регіональних проектах раціонального природокористування та охорони природи.
The article deals with the problem of influence of road microoseredkiv within which unfavorable processes are developed on the structure of modern road landscapes and the necessity of their optimization. Under the term “road microoseredky” we understand small peaces of road landscapes, where under the influence of road operation different process are developed, that course the change of structural organization of heocomponents and landscapes complexes in its limits. They are formed in the limit of one or several road tracts, less traffic areas. Road microoseredky – is mostly holistic natural household formation. The process that takes place within them are primary, embryonic manifestation of new landscape, ecosystems, energy and material and communicative connections which are formed in road landscapes. Due to this, the process in microoseredky might be used as indicators of hidden trends. It is said that road mikrooseredkovi processes are often become the indicators of further development or decline in road landscapes and need detailed studies. Their origin and further operation is caused by two factors: a) not taking into account of a basic landscape, that existed before the formation, but then in the process of its reconstruction and dynamic process as well; b) the discrepancy of complex process to natural conditions of the project of a road construction in the section “Voronovytsa”, which at this distance crosses the river valleys 3 times and two times the upper beams. Exactly here there are the main microoseredky, where the negative processes take place, that significantly make the structure more difficult together with the functioning and reconstruction of road landscapes in the section ‘Voronovytsa”. The research of road microoseredkiv and unfavorable processes, which are developed within them, were investigated in the road landscapes of highway Vinnitsa – Uman, where there were 6 natural areas processed, one of which – Voronovytsa is shown in the article in a more detailed way. It is singled out several types of road mikrooseredkiv, such as: geomorphological, hydrological, geochemical, climate, geobotanical and others; there is a characteristic of landslide road mikroseredk? of natural area “Voronovytsa”, partially the article deals with the specific features of the formation of mikroseredkiv in the protective roadside stands. The article stated that the road microoseredky and negative process that are developed within them should be taken into consideration in the regional projects of rational nature and environmental protection.
The article deals with the problem of influence of road microoseredkiv within which unfavorable processes are developed on the structure of modern road landscapes and the necessity of their optimization. Under the term “road microoseredky” we understand small peaces of road landscapes, where under the influence of road operation different process are developed, that course the change of structural organization of heocomponents and landscapes complexes in its limits. They are formed in the limit of one or several road tracts, less traffic areas. Road microoseredky – is mostly holistic natural household formation. The process that takes place within them are primary, embryonic manifestation of new landscape, ecosystems, energy and material and communicative connections which are formed in road landscapes. Due to this, the process in microoseredky might be used as indicators of hidden trends. It is said that road mikrooseredkovi processes are often become the indicators of further development or decline in road landscapes and need detailed studies. Their origin and further operation is caused by two factors: a) not taking into account of a basic landscape, that existed before the formation, but then in the process of its reconstruction and dynamic process as well; b) the discrepancy of complex process to natural conditions of the project of a road construction in the section “Voronovytsa”, which at this distance crosses the river valleys 3 times and two times the upper beams. Exactly here there are the main microoseredky, where the negative processes take place, that significantly make the structure more difficult together with the functioning and reconstruction of road landscapes in the section ‘Voronovytsa”. The research of road microoseredkiv and unfavorable processes, which are developed within them, were investigated in the road landscapes of highway Vinnitsa – Uman, where there were 6 natural areas processed, one of which – Voronovytsa is shown in the article in a more detailed way. It is singled out several types of road mikrooseredkiv, such as: geomorphological, hydrological, geochemical, climate, geobotanical and others; there is a characteristic of landslide road mikroseredk? of natural area “Voronovytsa”, partially the article deals with the specific features of the formation of mikroseredkiv in the protective roadside stands. The article stated that the road microoseredky and negative process that are developed within them should be taken into consideration in the regional projects of rational nature and environmental protection.
Description
Дослідження антропогенних ландшафтів
Citation
Вальчук-Оркуша О. М. Мікроосередкові процеси у реконструкції та охороні дорожніх ландшафтів. Наукові записки Вінницького державного педагогічного університету імені Михайла Коцюбинського. Серія: Географія. Вінниця, 2016. Вип. 28, №3-4. С. 52-56