Вплив маєткового театру С. Потоцького на формування культурного простору Тульчина (кінець ХVІІІ–ХІХ і поч. ХХ ст.)
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Слотюк, П. В.
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Харків : ХДАК
Abstract
На основі аналізу попередніх публікацій з’ясовано роль і значення маєткового театру С. Потоцького в процесі формування театрального й культурного простору Тульчина в кінці ХVІІІ — ХІХ і поч. ХХ ст. Досліджено його історичну еволюцію, наголошено на активній участі сімейства Потоцьких у реалізації ідеї театру як соціокультурного конструкта в середовищі міста, акцентовано на впливові польської та європейської культури на розвиток українського театрального мистецтва й відображення його не тільки в діяльності маєткового театру графа Потоцького, але й Тульчинського міського театру, що діяв наприкінці ХІХ і поч. ХХ ст., Тульчинського аматорського театру (1922 р.), Тульчинського народного театру (1970 р.), Тульчинського фахового коледжу культури, заснованого в 30-ті рр. ХХ ст., а також організації міжнародного фестивалю оперної музики “OperaFest Tulchyn”, який щорічно проводиться на території палацу Потоцьких із 2017 р. Отже, ідея театру Потоцьких, якщо й була спочатку продовженням традиції «батьківських домів» одних з найбагатших магнатів Речі Посполитої, однак у подальшому стала феноменом, який не тільки привніс елементи європейського театрального досвіду в культурне середовище Тульчина, але й розпочав це середовище формувати.
The purpose of the article is to clarify the infl uence of S. Potocki’s manor theatre on the formation of the theatrical and cultural space of Tulchyn. The methodology is based on the principle of historicism, objectivity, critical rethinking of scientifi c publications and archival materials. In the research process, both general scientifi c (analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization) and special methods of historical analysis were applied. The scientifi c novelty of the study lies in revealing the infl uence of the Potocki’s manor theatre on the development of amateur theatrical art in Tulchyn and the formation of the city’s cultural space in the XVIII and XIX centuries. The results. The study shows the important role of Potocki’s initiative to create a private theatre in Tulchyn, its signifi cance in shaping the city’s theatrical environment, as well as the infl uence of Polish and European musical, dramatic and opera art on the development of local theatrical traditions and the formation of cultural interests of local residents. With the appearance in 1787 of the Potocki manor theatre in Tulchyn, the process of forming a stable local theatrical tradition began, which was not interrupted either in the XIX or XX centuries. However, the tradition that was formed in the conditions of the Polish Commonwealth cannot be identifi ed exclusively with the infl uence of only Polish theatrical experience, Polish dramaturgy and Polish culture on the development of Ukrainian theater. Such infl uence undoubtedly took place, but it was not decisive. Of decisive importance was European theatrical culture, which, thanks to the Polish initiative (in our case, Count Stanisław Felix Potocki), was introduced into the Ukrainian cultural space, in which his name is still invisibly present today. The importance of studying the theatrical e xperience of the past lies in the need to revive stable theatrical traditions in Ukraine, which were interrupted by numerous bans during the Romanov Empire, repressions by the Soviet authorities, and the long-term dominance of “Soviet” thinking among the power structures of independent Ukraine. Th is will stimulate changes on the periphery of the Ukrainian cultural area, and help involve a wide range of the public in this process, primarily composers, art historians, playwrights, representatives of local government, local media, etc. The problem of increasing attention to the completion of the restoration of the Potocki Palace and the creation of a regional center for cultural initiatives on the basis of Tulchyn College of Culture, which is currently located in its premises, and the improvement of the skills of cultural and artistic personnel with the further formation of a cultural space as a model for the future cultural development of the region remains important.
The purpose of the article is to clarify the infl uence of S. Potocki’s manor theatre on the formation of the theatrical and cultural space of Tulchyn. The methodology is based on the principle of historicism, objectivity, critical rethinking of scientifi c publications and archival materials. In the research process, both general scientifi c (analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization) and special methods of historical analysis were applied. The scientifi c novelty of the study lies in revealing the infl uence of the Potocki’s manor theatre on the development of amateur theatrical art in Tulchyn and the formation of the city’s cultural space in the XVIII and XIX centuries. The results. The study shows the important role of Potocki’s initiative to create a private theatre in Tulchyn, its signifi cance in shaping the city’s theatrical environment, as well as the infl uence of Polish and European musical, dramatic and opera art on the development of local theatrical traditions and the formation of cultural interests of local residents. With the appearance in 1787 of the Potocki manor theatre in Tulchyn, the process of forming a stable local theatrical tradition began, which was not interrupted either in the XIX or XX centuries. However, the tradition that was formed in the conditions of the Polish Commonwealth cannot be identifi ed exclusively with the infl uence of only Polish theatrical experience, Polish dramaturgy and Polish culture on the development of Ukrainian theater. Such infl uence undoubtedly took place, but it was not decisive. Of decisive importance was European theatrical culture, which, thanks to the Polish initiative (in our case, Count Stanisław Felix Potocki), was introduced into the Ukrainian cultural space, in which his name is still invisibly present today. The importance of studying the theatrical e xperience of the past lies in the need to revive stable theatrical traditions in Ukraine, which were interrupted by numerous bans during the Romanov Empire, repressions by the Soviet authorities, and the long-term dominance of “Soviet” thinking among the power structures of independent Ukraine. Th is will stimulate changes on the periphery of the Ukrainian cultural area, and help involve a wide range of the public in this process, primarily composers, art historians, playwrights, representatives of local government, local media, etc. The problem of increasing attention to the completion of the restoration of the Potocki Palace and the creation of a regional center for cultural initiatives on the basis of Tulchyn College of Culture, which is currently located in its premises, and the improvement of the skills of cultural and artistic personnel with the further formation of a cultural space as a model for the future cultural development of the region remains important.
Description
Культура. Мистецтво. Маєтковий театр. Тульчин. С. Потоцький
Citation
Слотюк П. В. Вплив маєткового театру С. Потоцького на формування культурного простору Тульчина (кінець ХVІІІ–ХІХ і поч. ХХ ст.) // Культура України : зб. наук. пр. / М-во культури та стратегічних комунікацій України, Харків. держ. акад. культури; за заг. ред. В. Шейка. Харків : ХДАК, 2025. Вип. 91. С. 26-34